What Is a Pinched Nerve?
A pinched nerve (radiculopathy) occurs when a nerve root in the spine is compressed or irritated where it branches away from the spinal cord. This pressure may cause pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness that radiates along the path of the nerve — down the arm (cervical radiculopathy) or down the leg (lumbar radiculopathy, commonly called sciatica).
Causes
A pinched nerve in the spine is most commonly caused by a herniated disc, bone spurs from arthritis, or spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal). Other causes include thickened ligaments, cysts, or, less commonly, tumors.
Symptoms
- Sharp, burning, or shooting pain that radiates into the arm or leg
- Numbness or decreased sensation in the extremity
- Tingling ("pins and needles") sensation
- Muscle weakness in the affected arm or leg
- Symptoms that worsen with certain positions or movements
Diagnosis
Dr. Ferachi will review your symptoms, perform a physical examination, and order appropriate imaging studies (MRI or CT scan). In some cases, an electromyogram (EMG) or nerve conduction study may be recommended to evaluate the extent of nerve involvement.
Treatment
Most pinched nerves improve with conservative treatment, including rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and corticosteroid injections. If symptoms persist or neurological deficits (weakness, loss of function) are present, surgical decompression may be recommended to relieve pressure on the nerve.